In
the early 20th century, a young mathematician developed a theorem.
Eventually it would become a bedrock of modern physics and used to
discover new particles and better understand black holes.
In
1915, two of the world’s top mathematicians, David Hilbert and Felix
Klein, invited Emmy Noether to the University of Göttingen to
investigate a puzzle. A problem had cropped up in Albert Einstein’s new
theory of gravity, general relativity, which had been unveiled earlier
in the year. It seemed that the theory did not adhere to a
well-established physical principle known as conservation of energy,
which states that energy can change forms but can never be destroyed.
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